| Submersible pump won't start: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Problem | Check | Correct |
| Power is not supplied to the submersible pump | Place a voltmeter across power lines coming into the submersible pump to check the power supply for the overload protection box. | The power company should be consulted if there is no power to the box. |
| There is no overload protection | Examine the circuit breaker and the fuses to the submersible pump to ensure that they are operating correctly. | Replace blown fuses and reset the breaker if it has been tripped. |
| Pressure switch on submersible pump is damaged | With the submersible pump pressure switch in a closed position, check the voltage across the switch. If the voltage drop is at the same level as the line voltage, the switch is obviously not making contact. | The contact points should be cleaned and/or the pressure switch replaced for the submersible pump. |
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| Submersible pump starts up too much: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Problem | Check | Correct |
| Defective pressure switch on submersible pump or pressure switch not adjusted properly | Examine pressure setting switch for defects. Readjust pressure switch when necessary. | Replace pressure switch on submersible pump or reduce pressure setting. |
| Pressure tank leaks above water level | Apply a soapy mixture to the whole tank surface of the submersible pump. Bubbles indicate that air is escaping. | Replace submersible pump tank. |
| Plumbing system leak in submersible pump | Service line should be examined for leaks. | Repair leaks in service line. |
| Leak in discharge line check valve | Remove and inspect. | Replace discharge line if necessary. |
| Plugged air volume control on submersible pump | Remove and examine air volume control | Replace air volume control on submersible pump |
| Plugged snifter valve on submersible pump | Remove and inspect snifter valve. | Replace snifter valve on submersible pump. |
| Submersible pump will not stop running: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Problem | Check | Correct |
| Pressure switch on the submersible pump is defective | Pressure switch points may have adhered to each other causing the switch to remain in a closed position. | Clean the points on the pressure switch. If this does not work, the switch on the submersible pump needs to be replaced. |
| Drop line has a leak | Raise the pipe on the submersible pump and check for leaks. | The damaged section of the drop pipe should be replaced. |
| Level of water in well is too low | Restrain the output flow of the submersible pump, then wait for the well to recover. Re-start the pump. | Keep the valve at the restricted setting if this has remedied the problem. If not, the submersible pump must be lowered further down in the well. |
| Submersible pump parts are damaged | The impeller, casing, and other parts of the submersible pump may be worn due to abrasives in the water. Lower the pressure switch setting. If the pump shuts off, damaged parts are the probable cause.. | Replace worn parts on the submersible pump. |
| Submersible pump works but delivers little or no water: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Problem | Check | Correct |
| Submersible pump may be air-locked | Start and stop pump repeatedly. If submersible pump begins working, air lock was the problem. | If the trouble isn’t corrected by performing this test, move on to the next possible problem. |
| Water level too low in submersible pump | Well production could be too low. Limit flow of pump output, then wait for well to recover and re-start. | If partial limitation of flow corrects the problem leave the valve at the restricted setting. |
| Discharge line check valve installed backwards on submersible pump | Make sure arrow that indicates direction of flow on check valve is pointed in the right direction. | If check valve is not pointed in the right direction, then reverse the valve. |
| Drop pipe leaks | Lift up pipe and inspect for leaks | Replace the damaged part of drop pipe |
| Blocked pump intake screen | Examine intake screen on the submersible pump and check for mud or sand blockage. | Clean screen and make sure submersible pump is reinstalled many feet above the well bottom. |
| Drop pipe jamming submersible pump check valve | Raise pump to inspect drop pipe connection to pump outlet. Threaded area of drop pipe may be screwed in too far, jamming the check valve in a closed position. | Loosen the drop pipe and cut off a portion of the threads. Then screw it back on the pipe, freeing the submersible pump check valve. |
| Worn pump parts | Reduce setting on pressure switch to see if the submersible pump shuts off. If it does, check for worn parts | Pull submersible pump and replace the worn components. |
| Loose motor shaft | Pull up submersible pump to inspect the motor shaft. | Re-tighten all of the connections. |
Linux is very flexible when it comes to how graphical desktops looks like. However almost all make use of X. To explain in a sentence what is X, I would say X is the infrastructure needed to run graphical programs, without having any graphical software. So the various desktops make use of this infrastructure that forms a nicely powerful layer to the hardware.
The desktop that you mostly use and where you have discovered all features needed is probably the one you like the most. Therefore it is recommending a desktop might never be based on a neutral opinion.
It is a good idea to use applications not thighed to the desktop environment, so the work and data will be still available on major version updates or desktop changes.
KDE is a full featured desktop using the GPL version of the QT libraries and comes with many applications that simply are there and work without being worried how to install and configure them (screen capture, system monitor, info center, file find, file manager that asks to do links instead of copy and duplicate files... ).
Advantage: KDE is a complete solution.
Disadvantage: It might be considered a bit bloated, having big foot print and makes the used depending on KDE applications.
Important
The many (but not all) KDE applications can be installed easily when not using KDE.https://www.kde.org/applications/. They have obvious dependencies to QT.
Once having installed a program that depends on QT, the KDE applications do not require a lot of dependencies.
Links: https://www.kde.org/
KDE can have many window effects as wobbly windows and the desktop cube. For this, it is important that direct rendering is working and KDE gets started with the Window manager plasma (not Openbox). The the desktop cube can be made visible by a key sequence.
Note
Simply short pressing the key sequence to see the cube and then use the mouse to move around. When done, re-press the key sequence to go back. The default key sequence Ctrl + F11 might conflict with an other already set key sequence and therefore not work. In this case a custom key sequence as Ctrl + space can be set.
Figure 5.1. KDE cube
The desktop environment Gnome has a long tradition and is probably the best compromise between full blown slow fancy desktop and fast, friendly intuitive and usable. It uses gtk library and is therefore full GPL. Ubuntu makes use of Gnome.
Gtk stands for Gimp tool Kit and shows it origin. Gimp is the Gnu Image Manipulation Program.
For Gentoo set the automount useflag, to have the gnome-volume-manager dealing with the devices plugged in. See the D-Bus section for more details.
Gnome 3 depends on systemd and therefore a migration is tricky. An other indication that it has become a big chunk is that it does no more run with compiz.
Xfce means XForms Common Environment, however new versions of it do not make use of Xforms anymore, to keep the name, Xfce means something as X Freakin' Cool Environment.
It is considerably less complex than KDE and Gnome, but still well featured and fast.
Distributions on Netbooks as Linpus for the Acer Aspire One make use of Xfce.
LXDE the Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment is an other attempt to have what many people want, a non bloated fast simple desktop. http://lxlinux.com/#index and for gentoo https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/LXDE
Many distributions as Knoppix has jumped toward LXDE. Additionally it is well layered and follows the standards. To get it fancy LXDE can be run with compiz.
Since it is lightweight not too many applications come. The following might be considered to additionally install
Leafpad a gui editor
LXDM a display manager to login graphically (Add lxdm to
/etc/conf.d/xdm). The configuration file is/etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf. There is also a simple gui lxdm-config
Some other packages are recommended to be installed as:
To have media mounted via gui make sure gvfs is installed
check that consolekitd is running (On gentoo rc-update add consolekit default)
file-roller to get archiving support
shutterbug for screen-shots
To see date and seconds click on the clock, go to the digital clock settings and insert %F %R:%S
For gentoo emerge lxde-meta and echo 'exec startlxde' >> ~/.xinitrc
LXDE used gtk2 and there are no plans to move it to gtk3. As alternative there is a move to QT https://lxqt.org/
Desktop icons are defined in the *.desktop files found in ~/Desktop and . pcmanfm wants to be clever and smart and does not show their filenames but interprets their contents. pcmanfm finds inside those *.desktop text files a link to an icon and a name to be shown.
The easiest way to get such files is going to the menu and right click the mouse and select put to desktop. However going to /usr/share/applications and see what desktop files are already available and then just copy them to ~/Desktop. The *.desktop files is an other option. Since the *.desktop files are text files they can be edited using a text editor or created via command lxshortcut -i ~/Desktop/<name>.desktop that starts a gui to create a *.desktop file. Path to the executable, Name on the desktop and finally an icon has to be placed. Icons for that can be found under /usr/share/icons or /usr/share/pixmaps for those directories not path and file extension must be added. For Icons in other directories the path must be present.
Important
Desktop files should be validated using the desktop-file-validate tool.
Finally right click on the mouse lets to move menu icons to the desktop.
Note
However also documents and links to documents can be placed can be placed in the Desktop directory and appear as icons on the screen.
The menu is made from *.desktop files in ~/.local/share/applications for user menus and /usr/share/applications for global menus. The parameter
inside those files defines the category where they pop up. There is the java application lxmed that is a gui for this.
To have the terminal running:
Inside the directory /usr/share/applications also a file mimeinfo.cache can be found. Having a file of a mime type, then the desktop file handling this type of data can be found. This cache file is created from the *.desktop files using their mime type declaration:
File managers as pcmanfm make use of desktop files in /usr/share/applications that, when clicking on a file the mime type is defined (looking at the file extension) and via mimeinfo.cache the *.desktop file is found and therefore started including passing the name of the file being clicked.
Note
It takes the desktop files from /usr/share/applications and not from ~/Desktop
In pcmanfm go to Edit/Preferences/General, Check box for 'Don't ask options on launch executable file' to not have questions popping up
Desktop files can also be started automatically when they are put in /etc/xdg/autostart
Inside the *.desktop files there is the command including an variable as %f that represents a single file name.
Note
AdobeReader.desktop has %U inside indication that is an URL but pcmanfm passes a file and then acroread does not open the file. Changing %U to %f fixes this issue.
Note
Some applications do not have icons and take icons form a icon theme. So install theme as:
adwaita-icon-theme
faenza-icon-theme
lxde-icon-theme
tango-icon-theme
oxygen-icons
mate-icon-theme
elementary-xfce-icon-theme
xdg-open <filename> opens a file with the default application
xdg-settings get default-web-browser returns the desktop file of the default browser
gtk-launch <name of desktop file without .desktop> start such files
X is even layered more than expected this allows to exchange the window manager with something that does fancy stuff. Window managers create a window space where a program can run. As examples for window managers:
Desktop environment | Window Manager |
KDE | Plasma, Openbox, Kwin |
Gnome | metacity |
Xfce4 | Xfm4 |
LXDE | Openbox (is considered as standalone manager) |
X | twm (comes with X) |
There are also some standalone Window Managers, since they want to be complete more than just the Window manager is coming with those programs:
Compiz to make your desktop fancy
Fluxbox
TWM (is often the default one since it is basic with not much dependent libraries, as a result it is ugly, and often used jut to test X)
Openbox
The Inter-Client Communication Conventions Manual (ICCCM) defines a standard way for Window managers and allows to exchange window managers.
Windows have windows decoration, this is usually the top colored bar showing on the right the window size and close icons and on the left an icon identifying the running program. Alt + Space can open its menu where new commands as move window, move up/down, Un/decorate, ... appear.
Since openbox is rather basic some customization might be useful https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Openbox.
Install fonts as ttf-bitstream-vera and corefonts
The menu is /etc/xdg/openbox or user level ~/.config/openbox/menu.xml There is the program menumaker that can create menus as mmaker -v OpenBox3 that then can be edited and copied to cp .config/openbox/menu.xml /etc/xdg/openbox/menu.xml .
There is also an autostart script for system wide /etc/xdg/openbox/autostart.sh and on user level ~/.config/openbox/autostart.sh
To evolve GUI's to have more alive desktops many projects have been created beryl, compiz and a merge of both compiz-fusion. There is a lot of activities since many people like a fancy desktop. According http://www.compiz.org/, everything will be merged again and will be called simply compiz version 8. See also its wiki http://wiki.compiz.org/. Currently compiz-fusion seems to be the most stable option.
Since compiz is just a window manager it needs desktops that are layered. Unfortunately some as gnome don't fit in this category, so compiz can no more work with it. On the other hand X11 become more plug and play capable and works almost without xorg.conf (that has become a directory /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d in the modular X11). So compiz can be used to pimp up simple desktop environment as LXDE.
Set the xcb, svg useflags. Lots of packages have to be unmasked to do the emerge compiz-fusion. After unmasking emerge compiz-fusion.
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To start it unmask and emerge fusion-icon. Different options can be selected, as selecting the window manager a is possible.
Configure compiz via the menu Settings => CompizConfig Setting Manager. See: http://wiki.compiz.org/CCSM .
If you see no window title, minimize/maximize/close buttons, verify the CompizConfig Setting Manager has Window Decoration enabled, since those buttons are part of the window decoration. To get a nice windows decorations emerald can be installed.
Ctrl+Alt and click on the mouse lets you turn the cube plug in and then the screen capture program can produce something as below:
Figure 5.2. Compiz cube
And Ctrl+Alt+Down Arrow shows you the following, where you can use left and right key to get the desktop desired:
Figure 5.3. Compiz screens
To get burning windows when close, select in the Settings Manager, Paint fire on the screen plus Animations Add-On. The in Animations go to Close Animation and edit the first entry, change there to Burn effect and leave the other things as window match as they are.